What Age Do You Need a Fishing License in Maryland?
Maryland’s waterways—from the brackish currents of the Chesapeake Bay to the tranquil trout streams of Western Maryland—offer world-class fishing opportunities. But before casting a line, anglers must navigate the state’s licensing rules, which hinge on age, residency, and fishing location. This guide provides a legally accurate, step-by-step breakdown of Maryland’s age-based fishing license requirements, ensuring compliance with the Maryland Department of Natural Resources (DNR) while empowering you to enjoy the state’s aquatic treasures.
Maryland Fishing License Age Requirements
Maryland law mandates that all anglers aged 16 and older must carry a valid fishing license to fish in tidal (saltwater) or non-tidal (freshwater) areas. This rule applies to both residents and non-residents, though exceptions exist for specific groups and scenarios.
Key Age Thresholds and Exemptions
The state’s licensing framework categorizes anglers into three age groups:
- Under 16:
- No fishing license is required in any waters.
- Exception: Minors harvesting more than two dozen crabs per day must purchase a $2 Recreational Crab License if using traps, nets, or trotlines.
- Youth participating in supervised educational programs (e.g., DNR-hosted fishing derbies) are exempt from licensing.
- Ages 16–64:
- A standard Non-Tidal or Tidal Fishing License is required.
- Active-duty military personnel on leave may fish license-free with valid military ID.
- Free Fishing Days (June 1, June 8, and July 4 in 2025) allow unlicensed fishing for all ages.
- Seniors (65+):
- Maryland residents aged 65+ qualify for a Senior Consolidated License ($5), valid in all waters.
- Non-resident seniors must purchase standard licenses but receive discounted rates in neighboring states like Virginia and Pennsylvania.
Proof of Age and Residency
To claim age-based exemptions or discounts, anglers must provide:
- Government-issued ID (driver’s license, passport, or birth certificate).
- Proof of residency (utility bill, tax document) for senior discounts.
Important: The DNR conducts random license checks. Failure to present valid credentials may result in fines up to $250 under §4-731 of the Natural Resources Code.
Types of Maryland Fishing Licenses by Age
Maryland offers tailored licenses for different age groups, ensuring affordability and accessibility.
License Comparison Table
| License Type | Age Eligibility | Resident Cost | Non-Resident Cost | Validity Period |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Recreational Crab License | Under 16 | $2 | N/A | 1 year |
| Non-Tidal License | 16–64 | $20.50 | $30.50 | 1 year |
| Tidal License | 16–64 | $15 | $22.50 | 1 year |
| Senior Consolidated License | 65+ (Residents only) | $5 | N/A | Lifetime |
| 7-Day Non-Tidal License | 16+ | N/A | $12.50 | 7 consecutive days |
Notes:
- Tidal Waters include the Chesapeake Bay, Atlantic Coast, and tributaries.
- Non-Tidal Waters cover inland lakes, ponds, and streams.
- Chesapeake Bay & Coastal Sport Fishing License ($23) combines tidal and saltwater privileges.
Specialty Licenses and Permits
- Lifetime Licenses: Available for residents of all ages, with fees based on age at purchase. For example, a 30-year-old pays $750, while a 65-year-old pays $50. Compare options with our guide to lifetime fishing licenses across the U.S..
- Disabled Veteran Licenses: Free for veterans with 50%+ service-connected disability.
How to Obtain a Maryland Fishing License
Maryland provides multiple convenient methods to purchase licenses:
Step-by-Step Application Process
- Online via COMPASS Portal:
- Visit the DNR COMPASS Portal.
- Select license type and residency status.
- Enter SSN or customer ID (if renewing).
- Pay with credit/debit card ($2 processing fee).
- In-Person:
- Visit authorized retailers like Walmart, Dick’s Sporting Goods, or local bait shops.
- Required documents:
- Valid ID (driver’s license, passport).
- Proof of residency (seniors only).
- By Phone:
- Call 1-855-855-3906 (Monday–Friday, 8 AM–5 PM).
Pro Tip: Print or save a digital copy of your license. Maryland accepts mobile copies during DNR checks.
Non-Resident Considerations
Non-residents must purchase separate licenses for tidal and non-tidal fishing. For example, a Pennsylvania angler planning to fish Deep Creek Lake and the Chesapeake Bay needs both a Non-Tidal License ($30.50) and Tidal License ($22.50).
4. Local Regulations and License Exemptions
Maryland’s fishing rules vary significantly between tidal (saltwater) and non-tidal (freshwater) zones, and anglers must adhere to location-specific guidelines.
Tidal vs. Non-Tidal Waters
- Tidal Waters: Includes the Chesapeake Bay, its tributaries, and coastal areas. A Tidal Fishing License is required for anglers 16+ targeting species like striped bass, bluefish, or crabs. Special permits apply for:
- Chesapeake Bay Blue Crab Harvesting: Mandatory for all ages using traps, trotlines, or nets. Minors under 16 must purchase the $2 Recreational Crab License if catching >24 crabs/day.
- Striped Bass (Rockfish): Seasonal catch limits apply; check the DNR Tidal Fishing Updates for 2025 quotas.
- Non-Tidal Waters: Covers inland lakes (e.g., Deep Creek Lake) and streams. A Non-Tidal License is required for trout, bass, or panfish. Notable exceptions:
- Stocked Trout Waters: Licenses are waived during Free Fishing Days (June 1, June 8, and July 4 in 2025).
- Private Ponds: No license needed if fishing on owned or leased property.
Critical Exemptions Beyond Age
- Disabled Anglers: Free licenses for residents with permanent disabilities (submit Form DNR-13-2025).
- Active Military: Maryland residents stationed out-of-state may fish license-free during leave periods.
- Subsistence Fishing: Native American tribes with state-recognized rights are exempt in ancestral waters.
Warning: Fishing without a license in restricted zones may incur fines up to $500 and confiscation of gear.
5. Compliance Tips and Conservation Considerations
Adhering to Maryland’s regulations ensures sustainable fishing and avoids penalties.
Key Compliance Practices
- Carry Proof: Always have your license, ID, and permits (e.g., crab license) accessible during DNR checks.
- Stay Informed:
- Bookmark the DNR Fishing Regulation Portal for real-time updates.
- Use the FishMaryland app to report violations or verify catch limits.
- Respect Seasonal Closures:
- Striped Bass Moratoriums: Typically enforced in spring to protect spawning populations.
- Oyster Harvesting: Prohibited in summer months to prevent overharvesting.
Conservation Programs
Maryland incentivizes ethical angling through:
- Catch and Release Certificates: Earn rewards for releasing trophy-sized fish.
- Maryland Youth Fishing Initiative: Free gear and workshops for anglers under 16.
6. Conclusion
Maryland’s fishing license requirements balance accessibility with ecological stewardship. By understanding age thresholds, license types, and local rules, anglers can enjoy the state’s diverse fisheries while supporting conservation efforts.
Next Steps:
- Purchase your license online via the DNR COMPASS Portal.
- Explore Maryland’s top fishing spots with our guide to Family-Friendly Fishing Locations.
Need More Guidance? Contact the DNR Hotline at 1-877-620-8DNR or visit a local licensing agent.
