The Ultimate Guide to Oregon Salmon Fishing in 2024: 5 Must-Know Tips for Beginners

Are you ready to dive into the thrilling world of Oregon salmon fishing? Whether you’re a complete novice or an aspiring angler, this comprehensive guide will equip you with the essential knowledge and techniques to make your 2024 Oregon salmon fishing experience unforgettable. From understanding the best times and locations to mastering the art of technique and gear selection, we’ve got you covered. Get ready to unlock the secrets to landing your dream catch in the stunning rivers of Oregon!

1. Best Times and Locations for Oregon Salmon Fishing

Prime Season for Chinook (King) Salmon

Chinook, also known as King salmon, are the largest and most sought-after species of salmon in Oregon. The best time to target these magnificent fish is typically from late August to October. During this period, Chinook salmon make their way up the rivers to spawn, providing anglers with excellent opportunities to land a trophy fish.

Some of the top rivers for Chinook salmon fishing in Oregon include:

Columbia River: Renowned for its impressive Chinook salmon runs, the mighty Columbia River offers exceptional fishing opportunities. Key locations include the Bonneville Dam area and the mouth of the river near Astoria. The Hanford Reach section of the river, located near the Tri-Cities in Washington, is also a popular spot for Chinook salmon fishing.
Rogue River: The Rogue River in southern Oregon is another hotspot for Chinook salmon. The best fishing can be found near the cities of Grants Pass and Gold Beach. The lower section of the river, from the mouth upstream to the Hog Creek boat ramp, is known for its excellent Chinook salmon fishing in the fall months.
Umpqua River: The Umpqua River, particularly the North Umpqua, is famous for its challenging yet rewarding Chinook salmon fishing. The town of Roseburg serves as a great base for exploring this river system. The best fishing spots can be found along the North Umpqua River, from the confluence with the South Umpqua River upstream to the deadline at Rock Creek.

Hotspots for Coho (Silver) Salmon

Coho, or Silver salmon, are smaller than Chinook but are known for their aggressive strikes and acrobatic fights. The prime time to target Coho salmon in Oregon is from September to November.

Top rivers for Coho salmon fishing include:

Nestucca River: Located on the northern Oregon coast, the Nestucca River is a popular destination for Coho salmon anglers. The town of Pacific City is a convenient access point. The best fishing spots can be found in the lower river, from the mouth upstream to the First Bridge.
Coos River: The Coos River, near the city of Coos Bay, offers excellent Coho salmon fishing opportunities. The best action can be found in the tidewater sections of the river, particularly in the East Fork Millicoma River and West Fork Millicoma River tributaries.
Siletz River: The Siletz River, situated between Lincoln City and Newport, is another great option for Coho salmon enthusiasts. The lower reaches of the river, from the mouth upstream to the deadline at Moonshine Park, are particularly productive.

Fall Fishing for Chum Salmon

Chum salmon, also known as Dog salmon, are often overlooked by anglers but can provide exciting fishing opportunities in the fall months, typically from October to December.

Prime locations for Chum salmon fishing include:

Kilchis River: The Kilchis River, a tributary of Tillamook Bay, is a hidden gem for Chum salmon fishing. The best spots are usually found in the lower river near the town of Bay City, particularly in the tidewater sections.
Nehalem River: The Nehalem River, north of Tillamook, is another excellent choice for targeting Chum salmon. The tidewater areas near the town of Nehalem are worth exploring, especially the section from the mouth upstream to the Highway 101 bridge.

2. Oregon Salmon Fishing Licenses and Regulations

Before casting your line, it’s crucial to understand the licensing requirements and regulations for salmon fishing in Oregon.

How to Obtain an Oregon Fishing License

All anglers aged 12 and above must possess a valid Oregon fishing license to fish for salmon in the state’s waters. You can purchase a license online through the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) website, at authorized license agents, or by phone at 1-866-703-4647.

There are several types of licenses available, including:

Annual Angling License: Valid for the calendar year, this license covers both freshwater and saltwater fishing. As of 2024, the cost for an annual angling license is $44 for Oregon residents and $110.50 for non-residents.
Combined Angling Tag: Required in addition to the annual license, this tag allows you to fish for salmon, steelhead, sturgeon, and halibut. The cost for the combined angling tag in 2024 is $46.50 for both residents and non-residents.
Short-Term Licenses: Options include 1-day, 2-day, 3-day, and 7-day licenses for those visiting Oregon for a limited time. Prices vary depending on the duration and type of license.

It’s important to note that license fees and regulations are subject to change, so always check the ODFW website for the most up-to-date information before purchasing your license.

Important Salmon Fishing Regulations to Know

To ensure the sustainability of Oregon’s salmon populations and maintain a fair fishing environment, familiarize yourself with these key regulations:

Daily Bag Limits: Each river system has specific daily bag limits for salmon. As of 2024, the daily bag limit for Chinook salmon is generally 2 fish per day, while the limit for Coho salmon is 1 fish per day. However, these limits may vary depending on the river and time of year. Always refer to the ODFW’s annual regulations for the most up-to-date information.
Size Restrictions: Some rivers have minimum and maximum size limits for salmon. For example, in the Rogue River, the minimum size limit for Chinook salmon is 24 inches, while the maximum size limit is 50 inches. Make sure to measure your catch and release any fish that don’t meet the requirements.
Seasonal Closures: Certain rivers or sections of rivers may be closed to salmon fishing during specific times of the year to protect spawning fish. For instance, the North Umpqua River is closed to Chinook salmon fishing from October 1 through June 30. Always check the ODFW’s website for the latest closures and updates.
Gear Restrictions: Regulations may specify the types of lures, baits, and hooks allowed for salmon fishing. For example, some rivers may have restrictions on the use of treble hooks or require the use of barbless hooks. In the Nestucca River, only single-point hooks are allowed when fishing for Coho salmon.

By adhering to these regulations and practicing responsible fishing, you’ll contribute to the long-term health of Oregon’s salmon fisheries while enjoying a memorable angling experience.

3. Essential Gear for Oregon Salmon Fishing

Having the right equipment can make all the difference in your salmon fishing success. Here’s a checklist of the essential gear you’ll need:

Basic Equipment Recommendations for Beginner Anglers

Rod and Reel: A medium-heavy to heavy action rod, around 8-10 feet in length, paired with a sturdy baitcasting or spinning reel is suitable for most Oregon salmon fishing scenarios. Look for rods with fast action tips and strong butt sections to handle the power of salmon. Popular rod brands include G. Loomis, Lamiglas, and Shimano.
Fishing Line: Use a high-quality monofilament or braided line with a pound test of 20-30 for Chinook and 15-25 for Coho salmon. Monofilament lines, such as Berkley Trilene Big Game or Maxima Ultragreen, offer good abrasion resistance and stretch. Braided lines, like PowerPro or Sufix 832, provide excellent sensitivity and hook-setting power.
Hooks: Size 1/0 to 4/0 hooks are commonly used for salmon. Gamakatsu, Owner, and Mustad are popular hook brands known for their sharpness and durability. Opt for barbless hooks to minimize harm to the fish and make releasing easier.
Weights: Depending on the river conditions and technique, you may need weights ranging from 1/4 oz to 2 oz to help your bait or lure reach the desired depth. Pyramid sinkers, sliding sinkers, and split-shot weights are common choices for salmon fishing.
Lures and Bait: Popular lures for salmon include spinners, spoons, and plugs in various colors and sizes. Blue Fox, Mepps, and Luhr Jensen are well-known brands that produce effective salmon lures. Common baits include sand shrimp, roe, and cured salmon eggs. Pro-Cure and Atlas Mike’s offer high-quality cured eggs and scents.

Advanced Equipment for Enhancing Your Fishing Experience

Waders and Wading Boots: Invest in a quality pair of chest waders and wading boots to access deeper waters and prime fishing spots comfortably and safely. Simms, Redington, and Orvis offer durable and reliable wading gear designed for the demands of salmon fishing.
Landing Net: A large, sturdy landing net with a soft mesh material will help you safely secure your catch and minimize stress on the fish. Look for nets with rubber-coated or knotless mesh, like those offered by Frabill or Beckman.
Fish Finder: A fish finder can help you locate salmon holding in deeper pools and identify underwater structures that may attract fish. Garmin, Humminbird, and Lowrance are popular brands that offer feature-rich fish finders suitable for river fishing.
Polarized Sunglasses: Polarized glasses reduce glare on the water’s surface, allowing you to spot fish more easily and navigate the river bottom safely. Costa del Mar, Smith, and Oakley offer high-quality polarized fishing sunglasses with excellent clarity and protection.
Fishing Pliers and Scissors: Long-nosed pliers and sharp scissors are essential for quickly removing hooks, cutting lines, and preparing bait. Leatherman, Gerber, and Van Staal produce durable and corrosion-resistant fishing pliers and scissors.

Remember, investing in high-quality gear tailored to your fishing style and the specific conditions of the Oregon rivers you plan to fish will greatly enhance your overall experience and increase your chances of success.

4. Techniques and Strategies for Catching Oregon Salmon

Mastering the right techniques and strategies is key to consistently catching salmon in Oregon’s rivers. Here are two effective methods to add to your angling arsenal:

Drift Fishing: The Art of Natural Bait Presentation

Drift fishing is a popular and productive technique for targeting salmon in Oregon’s rivers. The goal is to present your bait naturally, allowing it to drift with the current and mimic the movement of food sources that salmon typically encounter. Here’s how to perfect your drift fishing technique:

Choose the Right Bait: Select bait that closely resembles the natural food sources in the river, such as sand shrimp, roe, or cured salmon eggs. Experiment with different sizes and colors to find what works best. For example, in the Rogue River, sand shrimp and roe are particularly effective for Chinook salmon.
Adjust Your Weight: Use enough weight to keep your bait near the bottom of the river, where salmon often hold. Adjust the amount of weight based on the depth and current speed. In deeper, swifter sections, you may need heavier weights, while shallower, slower areas may require lighter weights.
Cast Upstream: Cast your bait slightly upstream from your target area, allowing it to drift naturally with the current. This presentation mimics the movement of food drifting downstream. The distance of your cast will depend on the river’s width and the location of the holding spots.
Maintain a Tight Line: Keep your line tight as the bait drifts downstream to detect subtle bites and set the hook quickly. Use your rod tip to follow the bait’s movement and maintain a natural drift. Be prepared to strike when you feel a tap or see your line twitch.
Mend Your Line: Mending involves lifting your line and repositioning it upstream to prevent it from dragging your bait unnaturally. This helps maintain a natural drift and keeps your bait in the strike zone longer. Practice mending techniques to achieve the perfect drift and cover more water effectively.

Plunking: The Patience Game for Salmon Success

Plunking is a stationary fishing method that relies on patience and precise bait placement to entice salmon to bite. This technique is particularly effective when salmon are holding in specific pools or runs. Here’s how to master the art of plunking:

Identify Holding Spots: Look for deep pools, slow-moving water, or areas with underwater structure where salmon are likely to rest during their upstream journey. These spots can be identified by observing the river’s flow, using a fish finder, or consulting with local fishing guides or tackle shops.
Choose the Right Gear: Use a sturdy rod and reel combo with a heavy monofilament or braided line to withstand the powerful fights of salmon. A sliding sinker rig with a leader and a size 1/0 to 4/0 hook is a common setup. The length of the leader will depend on the depth of the holding spot and the position of your bait.
Bait Selection: Choose bait that will remain stationary on the bottom, such as cured salmon eggs, sand shrimp, or a combination of both. Experiment with different scents and colors to attract salmon. In the Nestucca River, for example, cured eggs in shades of pink and orange are known to be effective for Coho salmon.
Cast and Wait: Cast your bait upstream from the holding spot and allow it to settle on the bottom. Engage your reel and wait patiently for a bite, keeping your rod tip low to the water. The waiting game requires patience, as it may take some time for salmon to locate and strike your bait.
Set the Hook: When you feel a bite or see your rod tip bounce, set the hook with a firm, upward motion. Keep steady pressure on the fish and adjust your drag as needed during the fight. Be prepared for strong runs and acrobatic jumps, especially when targeting Coho salmon.

By mastering these techniques and adapting them to the specific conditions of the Oregon river you’re fishing, you’ll significantly increase your chances of hooking into a beautiful salmon and creating unforgettable angling memories.

5. Best Practices for Safe Fishing and Fish Handling

Ensuring your safety and the well-being of the fish you catch should always be a top priority. Follow these best practices for a responsible and enjoyable fishing experience:

Safety Tips: Your Life is Paramount

Wear a Life Jacket: Always wear a properly fitting life jacket when fishing from a boat or wading in the river. Swift currents and unexpected drop-offs can be dangerous, and a life jacket can save your life in an emergency situation.
Use Caution When Wading: Be cautious when wading, especially in unfamiliar waters. Use a wading staff for added stability and avoid wading in water that’s too deep or swift. Take your time and test each step before fully committing your weight.
Be Aware of Your Surroundings: Pay attention to weather conditions, water levels, and other anglers around you. Be prepared for changes in weather and water conditions, and have a plan in case of an emergency. Keep an eye out for potential hazards, such as submerged rocks or logs.
Fish with a Partner: Whenever possible, fish with a partner or let someone know your fishing plans and expected return time. Having a buddy system can be crucial in case of an emergency or if you need assistance landing a fish.
Protect Yourself from the Elements: Wear sunscreen, a hat, and sunglasses to protect yourself from the sun. Dress in layers to adapt to changing temperatures and weather conditions. In cooler months, wear warm, moisture-wicking clothing to prevent hypothermia.

Proper Fish Handling Techniques

Minimize Fight Time: Once you’ve hooked a fish, try to land it as quickly as possible to minimize stress and exhaustion. Use appropriate gear and maintain steady pressure during the fight. Prolonged battles can decrease the fish’s chances of survival upon release.
Use a Landing Net: Using a soft mesh landing net helps protect the fish’s delicate scales and slime coat while making it easier to control the fish for a quick release. Avoid using nets with knots or abrasive materials that can damage the fish’s skin.
Keep the Fish Wet: When handling a fish, keep it in the water as much as possible. If you need to remove the fish from the water for a photo or to remove the hook, make it brief. Holding the fish out of water for too long can cause stress and damage to its internal organs.
Remove Hooks Carefully: Use long-nosed pliers or hemostats to remove hooks quickly and carefully. If a fish is deeply hooked, consider cutting the line as close to the hook as possible to minimize harm. Avoid forcefully removing hooks, as this can cause additional injury to the fish.
Support the Fish’s Body: If you must handle a fish, support its body horizontally with both hands. Avoid squeezing the fish or touching its gills. Improper handling can remove the protective slime coat and make the fish more susceptible to infections.
Revive Exhausted Fish: If a fish appears exhausted after a long fight, gently hold it in the water, facing upstream, until it regains its strength and swims away on its own. Move the fish back and forth to help oxygenate its gills and aid in recovery.

By prioritizing safety and proper fish handling techniques, you’ll contribute to the conservation of Oregon’s salmon populations and ensure that future generations can enjoy the same incredible fishing opportunities.

Conclusion

Oregon salmon fishing in 2024 promises to be an exciting and rewarding experience for anglers of all skill levels. By understanding the best times and locations, obtaining the necessary licenses and following regulations, using the right gear and techniques, and practicing safe fishing and fish handling, you’ll be well on your way to a successful and memorable salmon fishing adventure.

Remember, salmon fishing is not just about the catch but also about the journey. Take the time to appreciate the stunning beauty of Oregon’s rivers, the thrill of the pursuit, and the camaraderie of fellow anglers. With patience, persistence, and a willingness to learn, you’ll soon find yourself hooked on the incredible world of Oregon salmon fishing.

So, gather your gear, heed the call of the wild, and embark on an unforgettable angling journey in the heart of Oregon’s salmon country. Tight lines and happy fishing!